[time-nuts] Quartz crystal aging and applied voltage

[Attila Kinali]

Moin,

While looking at various crystal oscillator circuits and a paper on
stability of quartz oscillators i stumbled over a small detail that
doesn't seem to be mentioned anywhere, at least i couldnt find anything:

All quartz crystals contain some amount of ions that move within the
lattice over time. Good crystals are "swept" using an high electric
field prior to sawing the crystal slabs.

Most of the oscillator circuits out there place a small, but constant
DC voltage on the crystal, which has the same effect on the ions as
sweeping does, albeit much slower. But i couldn't find any resource
on how this DC voltage affects aging of quartz crystals.

Does anyone know any paper/book/webpage that has a discussion of this
topic?

			Attila Kinali

-- 
The people on 4chan are like brilliant psychologists
who also happen to be insane and gross.
		-- unknown